CHESS

Chess is known as a mind sharpening game which enhance the mental ability and IQ level.  chess is invented 1500 years ago in northern india in the 6th century A.D. and after that it spreads to persia and in the Europe.

                   

Chess is a very interesting game. In this game only two players can play at a time , each side one player. The chess is played on a board of 64 square columns called a chessboard.  There are 32 columns in white color and 32 columns in black color. In this game one player has black pieces and the other player has white pieces. 

The only condition to win this game is to defeat the king of your opponent. I am also a very good chess player and I have been playing this game for the last 5 years.This is a game in which your age does not matter.  Anyone can play this game from young child to elder person. 

The following types of pieces are available to the player to play the game and to advance the game.

●Pawn (8 pawns each side)
●Rook (2 Rooks each side)
●Bishop (2 Bishops each side)
●Knight (2 Knights each side)
●Queen (1 Queen each side)
●King (1 King each side)

Wilhelm Steinitz, the first World Champion, widely considered the "father of modern chess".
The FIDE is an international organization based in Switzerland that connects the various national chess federations and acts as the governing body of international chess competition.

Chess Moves-
king - king can move exactly one square horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. At most once in every game, each king is allowed to make a special move, known as castling.

Queen - Queen can move any number of vacant squares diagonally, horizontally, or vertically.

Rook - Rook can move any number of vacant squares vertically or horizontally. It also is moved while castling.

Bishop - Bishop can move any number of vacant squares in any diagonal direction.

Knight - Knight can move one square along any rank or file and then at an angle. The knight´s movement can also be viewed as an “L” shape  laid out at any horizontal or vertical angle.

Pawn - Pawns can move forward one square, if that square is unoccupied. If it has not yet moved, the pawn has the option of moving two squares forward provided both squares in front of the pawn are unoccupied. A pawn cannot move backward. Pawns are the only pieces that capture differently from how they move. They can capture an enemy piece on either of the two spaces adjacent to the space in front of them  but cannot move to these spaces if they are vacant. The pawn is also involved in the two special moves en passant and promotion.

Check - Check is a warning move to the opponent's king before defeat the opponent it is a compulsory move .

Famous chess players list -
1.Garry kasparov (Russia)
2.Viswanathan Anand (India)
3.Magnus carlsen (Norwegian)
4.Anatoly karpov (Russia)
5.Humpy koneru (India)
6.Vladimir kramnik (Russia)
7.Caruana fabiano (U.S.A)
8.Ding, Liren (china)

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World Enviornment Day.

World Enviornment Day was established by the "United Nations General assembly" in 1972.

According to United Nations the theme for World Environment Day 2020 is biodiversity– a concern that is both urgent and existential. This year Colombia is hosting World Environment Day 2020 in collaboration with Germany.

World enviornment day is celebrated every year on 5 June.The main motto is to celebrate this day is to make worldwide awareness of the enviornment, and enhance political attention and action on the enviornment.

 

Trees, rivers, lakes, flora, fauna, forests etc. make up nature.  But today, human species is constantly exploiting nature.  Due to the exploitation of nature we are facing the main natural problems like global warming, ozone layer decay, irregularity in monsoon, imbalance of biological cycle, melting of glaciers etc.

Likewise, during the time of this global pandemic, the whole world is struggling with the virus called corona. Looking at the imbalance in the nature, the day is not far when we will see the terrible form of nature in the form of tsunami, cyclone, earthquake, landslide, drought, flood etc. On this world Enviornment Day, together we spread the message of awareness of nature, we should make our earth clean and try to take minimum from nature.

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क्या है निसर्ग साइक्लोन ? कैसे रखा जाता है चक्रवात का नाम ?

निसर्ग अरब सागर से उठा एक समुद्री चक्रवात है जो कि भारत के दक्षिण पश्चिम से उठकर भारत की ओर बढ रहा है। इसकी रफ्तार 100-120 KMPH मापी जा रही है।  

यह एक सिवियर साइक्लोन के वर्ग का तूफान है। भारत के गुजरात , महाराष्ट्र, दमनद्वीव , लक्ष्यद्वीप को Red alert पर रखा गया है।    129 साल में ऐसा पहली बार होने जा रहा है जब मुम्बई से इतना भयंकर चक्रवात टकराने की आशंका जताई जा रही है। फिलहाल मुंबई से इसकी दूरी लगभग 200 km आंकी जा रही है।   

                                          

इससे पहले बंगाल की खाडी से उठे "अम्फान " तूफान ने पश्चिम बंगाल एवं उड़ीसा में बहुत तबाही मचाई थी। इसकी रफ्तार 185 kMPH थी एवं यह "एक्स्ट्रीमली सिवियर साइक्लोन" था।

कैसे एक साइक्लोन का नाम रखा जाता है ?

जैसे जैसे दुनिया में तकनीक का तीव्र विकास हुआ है उस प्रकार नामकरण की प्रथा भी बढ़ गई है। world meterological orgnization (WMO) जिम्मेदार है किसी चक्रवात के नाम रखने को। WMO ने देशों को कई छोटे छोटे comitees में गठित कर रखा है एवं यदि उन comitees से संबंधित निकटवर्ती महासागरों में जब कोई चक्रवात आता है तो उस comitee के देश ही उस चकवात का नामकरण करने को जिम्मेदार होते हैं।

भारत "Northern Indian ocean comitee" के अंतर्गत आता है। इस comitee के अंतर्गत कुल 8 देश आते हैं।  

 1 . भारत

 2 . पाकिस्तान

 3. बांग्लादेश 

 4. श्रीलंका 

 5 . म्यांमार 

 6 .ओमान 

 7. मालदीव

 8 . थाइलैंड

 जब भी हिन्द महासागर में कोई चक्रवात आता है तब यही देश उसका   नामकरण करते हैं और यह एक क्रम के अनुसार व्यवस्थित रहता है। ये 8 देश 8 - 8 नामों की सूची WMO को सौंपते हैं एवं उन नामों में से ही नये आये चक्रवातों को नाम दिया जाता है। 

 जैसे - " अम्फान" चक्रवात का नाम थाइलैंड ने सुझाया था। 

         "निसर्ग" चक्रवात के नाम को बांग्लादेश द्वारा सुझाया गया है। 

          पिछले वर्ष आये " फनी " चक्रवात का नाम भी बांग्लादेश ने ही            सुझाया था।       

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